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Cattle count
The term cattle count describes a very important economic event in ancient Egypt. It was controlled by the king (i.e. the pharaoh) and his officials, and was connected to several cultic feasts. The cattle count was one of the two main means of evaluating the amount of taxes to be levied, the other one being the height of the annual inundation.
== Process and purpose ==
To perform the cattle count, all cattles (including productive livestock such as cows and oxen, sheep, pigs, goats and donkeys) were rounded up and counted. Following the count, the percentage of cattles to be taxed by the state would be calculated. The cattle count was performed in every nomes of Egypt. Frauds were harshly punished. From the 2nd dynasty onwards, the cattle count was connected with the ''"Following of Horus"'' (Egypt. ''Shemsu Hor'') which occurred every two years.〔Hermann A. Schlögl: ''Das Alte Ägypten'' (= ''Beck'sche Reihe'', Band 2305). C.H. Beck, Hamburg 2011 (3. Ausgabe), ISBN 3406623107, p. 41.〕〔Richard A. Parker: ''The calendars of ancient Egypt'' (= ''Studies in ancient Oriental Civilization''. Vol. 26, ISSN 0081-7554). University of Chicago Press, Chicago IL 1950.〕 The Shemsu Hor consisted of a journey by the king and his court throughout Egypt which facilitated the assessment and levying of taxes by the central administration.〔Toby Wilkinson: ''The Rise and Fall of Ancient Egypt'', Random House Trade Paperbacks; Reprint edition, ISBN 0553384902〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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